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pwd - The "pwd" command displays the current directory

pwd
/home/oracle
 

which - The "which" command displays the full path of (shell) commands.

which zip
/oracle/db/11.2/bin/zip
 

ls - The "ls" command list directory contents

ls -altr
 

total 112
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 310 Feb 15 2008 smit.transaction
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 171 Feb 15 2008 smit.script
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 1440 Feb 15 2008 smit.log
drwxr-x--- 3 oracle dba 256 Feb 15 2008 .java
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 875 Feb 18 2008 sqlnet.log
-rw------- 1 oracle dba 55 May 17 14:42 .vi_history
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle dba 256 May 19 14:13 .p
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 356 May 27 14:29 .rhosts
-rw------- 1 oracle dba 212 May 28 10:33 old.Xauthority
drwx------ 2 oracle dba 256 May 28 12:32 .ssh
drwxr----- 3 oracle dba 256 Jul 4 11:38 oradiag_oracle
drwxr-xr-x 6 bin bin 256 Jul 8 14:55 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle dba 4096 Jul 15 21:39 .vnc
-rw------- 1 oracle dba 263 Jul 15 21:39 .Xauthority
drwxr-xr-x 7 oracle dba 4096 Jul 15 21:39 .
-rwxr----- 1 oracle dba 868 Jul 27 19:32 .profile
-rw------- 1 oracle dba 10866 Aug 2 09:59 .sh_history
 

cp - The "cp" command is used to copy files and directories

cp [option] SOURCE   DEST

cp file1.txt file2.txt
cp * /archive     (the source = *   ---> from current directory; the destination = /archive )
cp /archive/* .   (the source =/archive/* ;  the destination is = .  ---> the current directory)

mv - The "mv" command is used to move or rename files and directories

mv file1.txt file2.txt
mv * /archive     (the source = *   ---> from current directory; the destination = /archive )
mv /archive/* .   (the source =/archive/* ;  the destination is = .  ---> the current directory)

rm - The "rm" command is used to delete files and directories

ls
Dir1 file1.txt
rm file1.txt
ls
Dir1
rm -R Dir1
ls
 

You can use -R in order to remove a directory.

cd - The "cd" command is used to change directories

/home/oracle/myDir>pwd
/home/oracle/myDir
/home/oracle/myDir>cd ../
/home/oracle>cd myDir
/home/oracle/myDir>
 

mkdir - The "mkdir" command is used to create new directories

mkdir Mydir

find - The "find" command can be used to find the location of specific files

find $ORACLE_HOME -name listener.ora
/oracle/db/11.2/network/admin/samples/listener.ora
 

umask - The "umask" command can be used to set the creation file permisions for an (OS) user

The umask value is subtracted from the default permissions (666) to give the final/ real permission:
 

666 : Default permission
002 : - umask value
664 : final permission

chmod - The "chmod" command can be used to change the file permisions

chmod 777 myfile.txt

Owner      Group      The others    Permission

   7               7               7              read + write + execute
   6               6               6              write + execute
   5               5               5              read + execute
   4               4               4              read only
   2               2               2              write only
   1               1               1              execute only

chown - The "chown" command is used to change the ownership of files

chown oracle:dba tnsnames.ora

chown -R oracle:dba /oracle/base

ps - The "ps" command lists current process information

ps -ef | grep smon

kill - The "kill" command stop a specific OS process

kill -9 3009

3009 is the process ID

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